Amphetamine dexamfetamine at the dopamine terminal

Amphetamine acts as a substrate at monoamine transporters and can alter intracellular monoamine handling and support transporter-mediated efflux. Experimental work also identifies intracellular TAAR1 signalling and transporter trafficking. Vesicular stores affect availability, but knockout-culture evidence shows vesicular transport is not an absolute prerequisite for every experimental amphetamine action. Calcium-triggered exocytosis is therefore kept separate from efflux. Models, concentration and exposure conditions limit translation. The UK dexamfetamine SmPC does not claim a fully settled explanation of behavioural benefit in ADHD. No dose, efficacy, safety or individual mechanism is inferred.

• Dexamfetamine entry → Cytosolic actions: intracellular access
• Cytosolic actions → Transporter-mediated efflux: release pathways
• Dexamfetamine entry → TAAR1 signalling: experimental action

• UK Amfexa / dexamfetamine product information, sections 5.1–5.2
• Underhill and colleagues: intracellular TAAR1 amphetamine signalling
• Vesicular transport and experimental amphetamine action
• Sulzer and colleagues: dopamine redistribution and reverse transport